HELLP Syndrome is a group of symptoms that occur in pregnant women who have (H) hemolytic anaemia, (EL) elevated liver enzymes, and (LP) low platelet count. HELLP is the medical term for one of the most serious complications of pre-eclampsia, in which there is a combined liver and blood clotting disorder.

HELLP syndrome occurs in approximately 10% of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. It may occur long before a pregnancy reaches term (for example, 30 weeks gestation). Or as late as after delivery. HELLP may occur without an associated elevation of blood pressure.

Early and continuing prenatal care to facilitate early identification and treatment of conditions such as pre-eclampsia and eclampsia may help to prevent the disorder.

Symptoms of HELLP Syndrome are:

  • progressive nausea and vomiting
  • upper abdominal pain
  • headache

Signs and tests are:

  • Examination shows upper abdominal tenderness, especially in the right upper quadrant. The liver may be enlarged.
  • Liver function tests (liver enzyme tests) may be abnormal.

The only treatment is delivery of the infant. This is essential because liver function rapidly deteriorates in this condition. Haemorrhage may occur within the mother's liver. Permanent liver damage may occur if delivery is delayed.

Call your health care provider or obstetrician if symptoms occur during pregnancy. HELLP syndrome can rapidly progress to an emergency condition.

If you would like more information, or some support please contact Action on Pre-eclampsia. Follow the link at the foot of the page.


APEC web site